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abstract:
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A fully analytical description is presented for the envelope behavior of intense, space charge dominated beams which are relativistic and quasi-laminar. It is based on a particular solution of the envelope equation for an accelerated beam, which is invariant under reversible emittance transformations: this solution has been termed invariant envelope. The treatment presented in this paper is applicable both to bunched beams in transport lines and in linacs, whenever the beam is space charge dominated. The main interest is in maximizing the beam brightness achievable by Photo-Injectors and preserving the beam quality during the first stages of acceleration. Simple analytical formulae are provided to predict the performances of these devices, when they are operated in the space charge emittance correction regime. (7 References).
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